// author : Jack Nilan - Central High School, Bridgeport CT
// Feel Free to Use
// input library - to use just save it as input.java in folder where
// your java programs are
// then compile it - then in your class have 
// input in = new input();
// in is variable name - choose any name you want
// you can then have
//  int n = in.getInt();
// String n = in.getString(0;
// double d = in.getDouble();
// char c = in.getChar();    // char's not tested on AP?


import java.io.*;

public class input{

	public static BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));

	public static int getInt() throws IOException{

		int n = Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
		return n;
	}

	public static double getDouble() throws IOException{

		double n = Double.parseDouble(in.readLine());
		return n;
	}

	public static String getString() throws IOException{

		String n = in.readLine();
		return n;
	}

	public static char getChar() throws IOException{

		String n = in.readLine();
		return n.charAt(0);
	}
}